Cultural Relativsim vs. Ethnocentrism - 1190 Words

Wade Davis, a famous anthropologist, writer, explorer, and other professions, stated â€Å"The world in which you were born is just one model of reality. Other cultures are not failed attempts at being you; they are unique manifestations of the human spirit.† The quote means that because a person is not like you or your culture does not make them inferior. It makes them unique in their own way. On the other side of the spectrum is David Eller who stated â€Å"Insularity is the foundation of ethnocentrism and intolerance; when you only know of those like yourself, it is easy to imagine that you are alone in the world or alone in being good and right in the world. Exposure to diversity, on the contrary, is the basis for relativism and tolerance; when†¦show more content†¦That there is no one culture that is more superior to another culture. After, he felt the Germany was started to think themselves as a more superior race he relocated to the U.S. to escape. While in U. S. he opposed racism and prejudice saying in the end everyone is human. He had hoped that people learned to be more tolerant of others who are not similar to them because diversity makes us the human race (Franz Boas). The first positive aspect of cultural relativism is the belief that there is no universal culture even though culture is universal (Chiariello, 2013). That each cultures has their own separate beliefs, tradition, values, and morals. That there is no one true or false way of living. That the rights and wrongs of one culture might not be the same for another culture. For example, in most third world countries children are forced into hard labor to provide for their families. Children in the United States might think that to be wrong and unethical but to those children in those countries this is what is needed of them and doesn’t see it to be wrong or unethical in any way. That difference doesn’t mean that one’s culture is superior or inferior to another’s culture. It means that as human we have to adapt to the surrounding in order to survive. The second positive aspect is that some people learn to accept,

Women Of The Age Of South Africa - 2692 Words

Women of childbearing age in South Africa have been selected as the target population for a behavior change intervention to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV by reducing unintended pregnancies among HIV positive women. As explained in Assignment 1 (A1), this target population has been chosen because these women are directly at risk due to the norms and practices currently in place in South Africa. While engagement of male partners and healthcare workers is necessary to prevent unintended pregnancies among HIV positive women it has been proven that engagement of these additional groups alone is not sufficient.1 In order to construct an intervention with women at the center of the response2, three specific, modifiable, and†¦show more content†¦In addition, the first behavior has been revised to make it more specific and in such, more measurable. Instead of simply recommending that women get tested at least annually, the intervention will additionally inform wo men of the importance of getting tested before, and if not after, becoming sexually active with a new partner as well as during routine health clinic or hospital visits, specifically if the visit is for family planning, prenatal, or postnatal services. Part A: Selecting theoretical concepts, constructs and/or models Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory3 (SCT) has been selected as a model from which to create an effective behavior change intervention that targets the aforementioned three behaviors in order to ultimately reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancies among HIV positive South African women. SCT posits that â€Å"to achieve self-directed change, people need to be given not only reasons to alter risky habits but also the behavioral means, resources, and social supports to do so.†3 SCT is based on the notion of reciprocal causation wherein personal determinants, behavioral patterns, and environmental context influence one another bidirectionally and in such, an effective program must focus jointly on increasing awareness and knowledge, developing social and self-regulative skills, enhancing those skills and building resilient self-efficacy, and enlisting and creating social supports.3, 4 While there is not

Behaviors related to microeconomics concepts Free Essays

Most of us have always wondered why this always happen when they visit a barber. This is just because of the economic concept. The cost of operations in shaving the beards is even more because more care is needed while shaving and different customers have different styles on how they it to be shaved. We will write a custom essay sample on Behaviors related to microeconomics concepts or any similar topic only for you Order Now This wastes time and energy and to pay for this, the price has really to be high. The expenses that are incurred when perfuming this service is the same with that one that you will apply when performing other services and hence there is no reason whatsoever for its price being low. Another factor is the skill factor in that while shaving the beards, more skill is required and this is reflected in price. As much as in shaving the head any other barber can do it the beard shaving requires potential and qualified barbers and it is this that makes the prices improve upwards. (Perloff, M. J 1999) Why does it cost higher for a woman delivering in a private hospital than that one delivering in a government hospital? Most of the women who go in private hospitals are considered as working class. Although the services rendered may be the same as those in public hospital most of them will prefer going I n private hospitals because of their status. most of the consumers do consider social class as a factor while purchasing products or services in the market like if a dress is sold in the market at $8, and the same dress of the same quality from the same company is sold in a beauty mall at a price of $ 15, a consumer who considers herself as from high class will rather go for that dress in a shopping mall than that one in the market because she tends to think that her status does not allow her to purchase in markets. In fact producers take this as opportunities that they think should be utilized and increase prices in high class shops and reduce in low class shops to just increase the total sales in their organization. The doctors on the other hand, will want to serve more clients within a short time to increase their portfolio income but affect the customers by attending more in less time. The real money in a consumer’s portfolio is the one that will determine where he should seek his service. It is actually this factor that determine where and what a consumer should purchase depending on his capability to pay for the services rendered. That is why high qualified doctors can decide to open their own clinic that will cater for another class of people thus serving the needs of most of the consumers in the market. In today’s market, the key point is actually identifying the need of the customer and fulfilling it. (Mas-Colell. A. et al 1995). Why are veils quite expensive in US than in Saudi Arabia? If there are so many customers in Saudi Arabia who need to purchase this commodity, then how come it is still cheap there yet the demand is also high! The prices should have actually gone up to cut down on the demand . This is not the case because of this culture factor that most organizations need to consider. Most of the people in Saudi Arabia are Muslims and thus most of them need veil as a requirement because of their faiths. This is unlike the customers us who may be assumed as just those who want it for luxury. The way the veil is taken as a cloth required during the worship is not the way it will be taken in the US market hence the prices will probably go high. Culture being important in the consumer behavior has a real impact in any organization. If a customer perceives that a certain commodity is the best however much it may tend to be expensive, a customer will sacrifice and ay the premium price for this commodity than purchasing another commodity that he has no confidence with it. (Pindyck, R. et al, 2004) Bibliography Mas-Colell. A. et al (1995), Microeconomics Theory, Oxford University Press Perloff, M. J (1999), Microeconomics: Incentives in an Imperfect World, Addison-Wesley Longman. Pindyck, R. et al, (2004), Microeconomics, Pearson Prentice hall How to cite Behaviors related to microeconomics concepts, Papers

The Structure and Function of Carbohydrates Essay Sample free essay sample

A saccharide is an organic molecule incorporating merely Carbon. Hydrogen and Oxygen with the general expression Cn ( H20 ) n. They are made up of single molecules called monomers which are joined together by condensation reactions to do a longer concatenation called a polymer. Carbohydrates are categorised in to three chief groups ; monosaccharoses. disaccharides and polyoses. Monosaccharides are individual sugars and are sweet savoring soluble substances such as glucose and fruit sugar which are the edifice blocks for all saccharides. They are used as energy in respiration by being broken down in to carbon dioxide and H2O. ATP. an immediate energy beginning. is released during the glycolysis and the Krebs rhythm whilst besides being generated through the negatron transportation concatenation. Monosaccharides are classified harmonizing to the figure of C atoms. if it contains 3 Cs they are called Trioses e. g. glyceric aldehydes which plays a portion in respiration and photosynthesis. Pentoses e. We will write a custom essay sample on The Structure and Function of Carbohydrates Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page g. ribose. incorporate 5 Cs and are used in the synthesis of nucleic acids ( RNA and DNA ) . supplying a strong sugar-phosphate anchor. When they join together a disaccharide is formed. The reaction in which this takes topographic point is called a condensation reaction and it involves the loss of H2O ( H2O ) and the formation of a glycosidic bond. The contrary of this reaction. the formation of two monosaccharoses from one disaccharide. is called a hydrolysis reaction and requires one H2O molecule to provide the Hydrogen and Oxygen-Hydrogen to the sugars formed. Some illustrations of disaccharides include Sucrose ( glucose + fruit sugar ) which is used in many workss for transporting nutrient militias. frequently from the foliages to other parts of the works. Lactose ( glucose + brain sugar ) which is the sugar found in the milk of mammals and Maltose ( glucose + glucose ) which is the first merchandise of starch digestion and is further broken down to glucose before soaking up in the human intestine. All monosaccharoses and some disaccharides including malt sugar and milk sugar are cut downing sugars. Their presence can be tested by adding Benedict’s reagent to the sugar and warming in a H2O bath. If a reduction sugar is present. the solution turns green. so xanthous and eventually produces a brick ruddy precipitate. Non-reducing sugars can besides be tested for utilizing Benedict’s reagent but first requires the add-on of an acid and warming to hydrolyze the sugar. The acid must so be neutralised utilizing an base such as Na hydrated oxide before transporting out the trial as described above. Polysaccharides are complex saccharides formed from many monosaccharoses. A figure of monosaccharide molecules such as glucose become linked by glycosidic bonds with the riddance of a molecule of H2O for each monosaccharose added in condensation reactions to organize long ironss. Through hydrolysis. these polymers are broken down once more in to disaccharides and monosaccharoses with the add-on of H2O. An illustration of a polyose is starch which is the chief storage of energy in workss and is indissoluble hence good for storage. It is made up of two polymers. amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a polymer of glucoses which forms a spiral construction which is really compact. Amylopectin is besides a polymer of glucoses but with a bifurcate construction instead than coiling which mean the compound can easy hydrolyze to let go of the glucose monomers. Iodine solution or K iodide solution can be used to prove the presence of amylum. A positive consequence changes the solution from an orange-brown to a bluish black coloring material. A 2nd illustration of a polyose is Glycogen which is the chief storage of energy in animate beings and Fungis. It is similar to amylopectin but has many more subdivisions which are shorter. This means that it is highly compact and hydrolyses really rapidly. A concluding illustration of a polyose is cellulose which is the chief component of works cell walls. It has next ironss of long. unbranching polymers of glucose which bond together to organize micro filaments. These beds are orientated in different waies and interlacing supplying stiff cell wall with spreads in beds to supply permeableness. The saccharide glucose is formed in the light-independent reaction which occurs in the stroma. Carbon dioxide combines with RuBP to organize a extremely unstable 6-carbon compound which splits in to two glycerate-3-phosphates which is so reduced to organize two threes phosphate. This can either be recycled back to RuBP or travel on to synthesize glucose. In decision. saccharides are indispensable for the storage of energy. structural support for illustration as the anchor of DNA and are an intermediate in respiration e. g. glyceric aldehydes.